The History of Educational Psychology

History
of Educational Psychology (02:26)
Louisa Hopkins coined the phrase "educational psychology" in 1886. This branch of psychology studies and applies theories and concepts of psychology in educational settings. Others who contributed to the field include Socrates, Aristotle, Galen, Berkeley, Hume, James Mill, Immanuel Kant, Wilhelm Wundt, and Francis Galton.

Behaviorism Replaced Functionalism (02:29)

Psychologists attempt to use more specific terms than the mind, instinct or intelligence. Fluid intelligence is the ability to solve new problems, use logic in new situations, and identify patterns. Pioneers in the psychometric field, Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon, created the first IQ test.

Education and Development (02:40)

Piaget established a four stage process of cognitive development: the sensorimotor period, preoperational period, the concrete operational period, and concrete post-operational period. Lev Vygotsky believes that social interaction plays a fundamental role in the development of cognition.

Instilling Morality (02:18)

Lawrence Kohlberg's stages of moral development include pre-conventional moral reasoning, conventional moral reasoning, and post-conventional moral reasoning. Luis Vives postulated that teachers needed to be pillars of the community and help guide their students to make ethical decisions.

Learning Theories (03:31)

Johann Friedrich Herbart is the founder of pedagogy as an academic discipline. William James compared a student's education to winning a war. He created both the Law of Contiguity and the Law of Similarity in the Association of Ideas.

The Child Study Movement (02:42)

G. Stanley Hall wrote "The Contents of Children's Minds". John Dewey led the progressive education movement, which viewed experiential learning to be better than traditional teaching methods.

Behaviorism (02:27)

Thorndike believed children needed a system of rewards and punishments in order to learn effectively. Benjamin Bloom wanted to subdivide learning into three categories— affective skills, psychomotor skills, and cognitive skills.

Social Cognitive Theory (02:30)

Albert Bandura postulated that a person's behavior both impacts and is impacted by personal factors and the social environment. Learn about exogenous, endogenous constructivism, and dialectical constructivism.

Motivation (02:04)

Educational psychologists study both extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. Bernard Weiner postulated that children stayed motivated when they were given moderately difficult problems. Psychometrics is the science of measuring intelligence and assessing abilities— learn different types of testing.

Neuroscience (02:02)

Cognitive neuroscience studies the biological processes that affect perception, attention, and mnemonics. The brain can be compared to a computer. The internet caused a rebirth of the Socratic Method.

Credits: The History of Educational Psychology (00:41)

Credits: The History of Educational Psychology

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